Why Russian Businesses Use Technologies - 1506 Words

In the world of fierce business competition, technologies often become the principal source of competitive advantage for firms. Technological innovations have already become the basic measure of entrepreneurial growth and business success, but only firms that possess unique, inimitable technology resources can successfully outperform their competitors. State and policy support is crucial for the successful adoption of technologies by firms. The case of Russia is no exception. Russia possesses a sophisticated scientific and technology base, but the rates of adoption of technologies in Russian business remain formidably low. Only a broad government-based innovation policy can help Russian businesses to move forward and to become a part of†¦show more content†¦Businesses in Russia operate in the atmosphere of economic instability and elevated legal risks, which makes successful adoption of technologies virtually impossible. Although the rates of technology adoption in Russian b usiness are gradually increasing, the country is still an eternity away from creating a perfect and profitable business-technology synergy. Russia and Russian businesses are characterized by the growing levels of technology adoption. Russian businesses rapidly expand their innovative capabilities (Gurkov 299). The more optimistic Russian CEOs feel about their business future, the higher the rates of technology adoption become (Gurkov 300). Almost every third entrepreneur and CEO in Russia that enjoys a good or excellent position in business reports intensive changes in their technological structures and infrastructures (Gurkov 300). The fact that Russia possesses a sophisticated technology base facilitates the adoption of technological innovations in Russian firms (Watkins 2). The professionalism of scientific and IT personnel facilitates the rapid advancement of technologies in Russian business. Russia’s technology and innovation potential is much greater than that of other countries with similar

Gender Roles During The Late 70 s And Today s Society

Atypical Gender Roles In Jamaica Kincaid’s story, Girl, a mother is talking to her daughter about all the proper things she must do to be considered a good girl to her family and to the public, and when she grows up, a proper lady. She must follow the rules that are given to her by her own mother and by society. The mother also teaches the daughter how to act when things don’t go her way. She is told that along with being a proper lady, she must also be able to get what she wants and be independent. This story was written in the late 1970’s and gender roles, for women, back then were not being â€Å"followed† because women wanted equal opportunities (Women In the Workforce). â€Å"Gender stereotypes are beliefs regarding the traits and behavioral characteristics given to individuals on the basis of their gender† (Deuhr). This essay will discuss the gender roles that were given to women in the story, during the late 70’s, and in today’s society. â€Å"Wash the color clothes on Tuesday and put them on the clothesline to dry† (Kincaid). A little girl is being told that she needs to do the jobs around the house now and when she’s older so her house is in tip-top shape. â€Å"Gender stereotypes begin the second a baby’s gender if found out.† (Brewer). They are taught at a young age to do work around the house to help the mother, to tend to their husbands and to be a homemaker (PBS). â€Å"Women are supposed to cook and do housework. Women are responsible for raising children† (Brewer). That is whatShow MoreRelatedIs Radio Be A Catalyst For Social Change?950 Words   |  4 PagesThroughout history we have been assigned Gender stereotypes by society, especially since the 1940s when the male was seen as the breadwinner, the one who would work, also portrayed by the media as active, decisive, courageous, intelligent and resourceful, whilst the female would take on the housewife mentality which i nvolved keeping up appearances essentially whilst looking after the family, who the media would most often depict as weak, ineffectual, victimised, supportive, laughable or ‘simplyRead MoreThe Pros And Cons Of Transgenders In The Military1349 Words   |  6 Pagessaid that when we are young we know our gender. If we do not conform to traditional male or female roles there is a strong likelihood that others will think we might be homosexuals. Although that is not always the case. Some people just prefer items that seem more interesting to them. 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AMER and NASDAQ Comparison Free Essays

Question No. 1 Both AMEX and NASDAQ are stock exchanges that have evolved from the demands of the times. AMEX or the American Stock Exchange started out as a stock exchange in the streets, or in the curb to be more precise, dealing stocks of companies that are not important enough to be a member of the New York Stock Exchange (NYSE) (Psst, n. We will write a custom essay sample on AMER and NASDAQ Comparison or any similar topic only for you Order Now d., para. 6 and 7). NASDAQ or National Association of Securities Dealers Automated Quotations System, on the other hand, was born after the advent of the computer age, answering the call of technology-based companies for a stock exchange of their own. Because of this, NASDAQ’s procedures differ from AMEX significantly ((Psst, n.d., para. 8 and 9). Another similarity between the two exchanges is their common competitor, the NYSE. The biggest companies are traded in the NYSE which accounts for its popularity. There are on-going plans to merge AMEX and NASDAQ in the quest of making a stock exchange that is more competitive with the ever popular NYSE (Psst, n.d., para. 12). The two exchanges can compliment each other because of the different ways by which they conduct their business. These differences will be discussed in the later part of this paper. AMEX and NASDAQ each cater to a specific type of company. NASDAQ is preferred by firms like Microsoft, Intel and Apple (Psst, n.d., para. 9). These companies are involved mainly in technology. They are more comfortable with the system used by NASDAQ since it is an exchange that uses computers in its operations. Since AMEX was created as an answer to companies who cannot get into the NYSE, AMEX listings include small and mid-cap companies, companies that are not qualified to join the NYSE. AMEX has an impressive listing of options and exchange traded trusts. AMEX â€Å"specializes in energy companies, start-ups and biotech firms† (Investigator guide staff, n.d., para. 1). Question No. 2 The differences between the operations of the two exchanges are many. AMEX operations is similar to that of a traditional exchange. There is a floor where the buying and selling takes place. Buying and selling are done personally with buyers and sellers gesturing their offer and acceptance. The system is more personal, the buyers and sellers interacting face-to-face. In fact, AMEX started by trading in the curb only to move on to a building of its own with its own â€Å"floor†. NASDAQ uses electronics in its operations. NASDAQ does not have a trading floor where buyers and sellers meet to conduct trade. Buyers use telephones and computer terminals which contains the information on the securities being traded in real time. NASDAQ used to be considered as an â€Å"Over the Counter Exchange†, but as the term evolve over the years, NASDAQ is no longer considered as such. Initially, â€Å"Over the Counter Exchanges† are those which conduct trading without â€Å"trading floors† (Investigator guide staff, n.d., para. 3). Now, the term only refers to exchanges that trade stocks that do not qualify in any of the major exchanges (Investigator guide staff, n.d., para. 3). Since NASDAQ is considered a major exchange, it is no longer considered an â€Å"Over the Counter Exchange†. As stated above, the companies dealing in technology find the system of NASDAQ more efficient than that of AMEX. The system of NASDAQ, allows for a â€Å"spread† which is kept by the buyer or stock broker as part of his profit. A spread is the difference between the selling price and buying price. Under NASDAQ’s system, dealers and brokers are able to sell directly to the buyers through computers and are not required to disclose the amount with which sellers are willing to sell their securities. Dealers and stockbrokers can increase such cost provided there are buyers willing to buy the same, any difference is theirs to keep. Because the system is prone to abuse, the government has enacted regulations to govern trading done through this system. (Psst, n.d., para. 13 -16). Because of the difference with which the two exchanges conduct their operations, the companies registered under them are from different industries. As mentioned above, NASDAQ specializes in companies engaged in technology, such as Microsoft and CISCO. On the other hand, AMEX specializes in energy companies and biotech firms. Question No. 3 The collapse of Worlcom, Inc. and the conviction of its Chief Executive led to many losses not just in the telecoms industry but also in other industries. The fiasco that was Worldcom led to the revival and enactment of the Sarbanes-Oxley Act of 2002 (Belson 2005).. This piece of legislation provided for very specific accounting and auditing guidelines and detailed corporate disclosure. While this legislations aims to protect investors from the creative and dubious accounting practices of some corporations, corporations find the law stifling (Belson 2005). Worldcom continued to exist after the fiasco, reverting to its former name MCI. While it used to be a huge corporation that gobbles up smaller telecoms on its path to dominance, it struggled to survive in a much diminished state. The bankruptcy of the company meant that many people lost their jobs, savings and retirement benefits. Many of those who had worked for the company for a long time found themselves starting over again. During its heyday, Worldcom tactics has forced ATT and other telecom companies to drastically lower the costs of their services to be competitive (Belson 2005). ATT needed to cut cost by reducing its work force. These events and several ill-timed investments led to the decline of the once mighty ATT, a decline from which it never fully recovered. Reference Belson, K. January 18, 2005. Worldcom’s audacious failure and its toll on an industry. Retrieved October 11, 2007 at http://www.nytimes.com/2005/01/18/business/18ebbers.html?pagewanted=1. Investor guide staff. n.d.   Retrieved October 11, 2007 at http://www.investorguide.com/igu-article-423-investing-basics-amex-nasdaq-otc-and-other-exchanges.html. Pssssst wanna trade?. n.d. Retrieved October 11, 2007 at http://www.pbs.org/newshour/on2/money/amex.html. How to cite AMER and NASDAQ Comparison, Essay examples

Reflective Account free essay sample

The principles underpinning the role of the practitioner working with children Introduction During my third placement, I worked at a nursery and children’s centre. I was based in a baby room with children aged 0-2 years old. Although I was based in the baby room I often helped out in the 2-3 room if it was busy and I was needed. In the baby room there were always three level 3 qualified early years’ practitioners. This was the same in the 2-3 room plus a support practitioner. All the children in the baby and 2-3 room had an individual learning plans; this helped the children achieve the best they could out of their time in the setting. All the planning in the setting was based on each individual child’s individual needs and was age appropriate. All the children also had key workers. The key workers carried out observations and were in charge of all the paper work involving the children in their group. I then took over from the care workers. I told Mrs M that I was going to put a protector around her neck, in order for her to have her lunch. Mrs M’s table is called the ‘assisted table’. I assisted her with her starter, which was soup. Staff then gave me her main meal, which I encouraged Mrs M to participate on eating on her own. Mrs M seemed to enjoy her lunch and ate it all. Mrs X and Mrs Z then escorted Mrs M back to the lounge. Feelings I will now discuss my thought and feelings throughout this account. I observed that the care workers did not communicate with Mrs M when elevating her to and from the chair. I thought that she seemed fretful (unhappy, nervous). I was feeling a bit angry that Mrs M was not communicated with, I thought that surely they can explain what they are about to do and why. When given the soup, I wondered how hot it was, as steam was rising from it and I have to admit I was tempted to stick a finger in it to test before I fed Mrs M. I knew that due to infection control and respect for Mrs M I would not be able to do this. I was scared already, of burning her mouth and I hadn’t even started to assist with feeding. I thought that I should wait a few moments, and give the soup a chance to cool. I spoke to Mrs M about her soup and asked if she liked soup etc. She responded by â€Å"yes† and enjoyed her soup. When saying â€Å"that’s good† I felt that she was enjoying her meal. When Mrs M main meal arrived I thought it was be good for Mrs M to try and participate in her own feeding. I felt that there would be no harm done if there was spillage, as she had a protector on which would protect from burns. Observing Mrs M feed herself enabled me to see that although her hand eye co-ordination was not great, she was able to finish her meal on her own. I was given a beaker of milk to give, I asked her if she would like a drink and she said â€Å"oh yes†. I put the beaker into her hand but she could not get it to her mouth without my assistance. I felt that through spending one on one interaction with Mrs M I was able to get to know her better. Evaluation I shall discuss what went well and what didn’t go well. I feel that the Mrs X and Mrs Z did not have effective communication with Mrs M. Mrs M was clearly showing signs of unhappiness when being elevated. It could have been carried out much more effectively through communication, a positive attitude and care. During my time with Mrs M, I felt that she was happy and comfortable. However, it felt difficult to feed her the soup as the spoon seemed too big for her mouth. Encouraging Mrs M to participate in her own feeding enabled her to be independent and help promote hand eye co-ordination which she seemed to be lacking at the start of her meal. Spending time with Mrs M has helped me to understand her and her capabilities better, which in turn will enable us to work towards a therapeutic relationship. Analysis I feel that my communication skills were effective in the end. During our time I observed that she was unable to communicate with an open question. I then used closed questions which Mrs M replied to, for example; â€Å"Mrs M, are you enjoying your soup†. Mrs M was able to filter this question and respond with â€Å"yes, and very nice†. I communicated non-verbally also with Mrs M, through smiling, holding up beaker for her to see. I showed a positive attitude towards Mrs M. I’m a positive person, and enjoyed the opportunity to assist with eating. Conclusion â€Å"A Therapeutic relationship relies on specific components being in place, including rapport, empathy, trust, geniuses, warmth and positive regard† (Brooker, 2013) Having compassion, empathy, caring and spending time with the user will promote a therapeutic relationship with a service user. Trust is also a component of a therapeutic relationship. According the NMC code (NMC, 2013), people in our care must be able to trust us with their health and wellbeing. Care workers are required to be effective communicator’s with a diverse range of service users. It is vital to have effective communication in order for the message we are giving to be understood. However, there are many barriers within health care setting to effective communication, such as; conflict (not sharing common ground), internal noise (mental/emotional distress), difficulty with speech and hearing, medication and different language etc†¦ (Brooker, 2013) There are many forms of communication which we use on a daily basis, for example; verbal and non-verbal communication. Verbal communication is spoken words, non-verbal is when no spoken words are used, such as; gesture, touch, smile, eye contact, stance, body language, facial expression, writing and signs. Models of communication such as the â€Å"blueprint of behaviour, which is a tool to help health care workers understand how people comprehend the world around them, how this influences the person’s communication and therefore how others responds† (Brooker, 2013) It states that we are all individual and unique in how the world affects us and our understanding. Mrs M has a barrier to her communication due to her dementia. Therefore it is essential that efforts are made to enhance communication in order for her to filter the information she is receiving, in turn enabling her to respond. This knowledge is useful for myself and other health care staff. â€Å"People make errors when communicating. Practitioners who do not communicate effectively with the individual may cause anxiety, or fear which can in turn negatively affect patient’s health† (Brooker, 2013). This seemed to be the case in Mrs M’s experience when being elevated to her wheelchair, without communication. This brings me to ‘person-centred care’. In order for a person-centred approach to be carried out successfully, relationships between health care workers and service users must be established. Person-centeredness involves; the person being the heart of care, communication will be open and honest, and presented in a way that’s understood, staff presenting a positive attitude, respecting individual rights, values and beliefs. Action Plan If I have the opportunity to assist Mrs M again, I will hopefully be able to escort her (with another care worker) to the dining area myself. Communicating effectively to avoid any anxiety that Mrs M encountered on Thursday. I will also encourage Mrs M to participate in eating all of her lunch, with my assistance if required. If I was to feed Mrs M with soup again, I would prefer to use a smaller spoon or maybe even a dessert spoon. The Soup spoon was too big for her mouth.